Unrestricted: Interactive Map Exhibit

Brandan P. Buck (George Mason University)
2021-06-16

Welcome to the interactive map exhibit for “Unrestricted: The Campaign to Sink the Japanese Merchant Fleet During World War II” .The map is an interactive exhibit of the data in “Japanese Naval and Merchant Shipping Losses During World War II by All Causes” and the “Submarine Operations Research Group (SORG).” The map also depicts Japanese sea lines of communication (SLOC) which connected the Japanese empire’s possessions throughout the Pacific as well as key oil production sites.

The data depicted can be augmented via a collapsible menu in the upper right corner which divides the campaign into ten periods: Dec, 1941- Dec, 1942, Jan-Jun 1943, Jul - Dec, 1943, Jan-Mar, 1944, Apr-Jun, 1944, Jul-Sep, 1944, Oct-Dec, 1944, Jan-Apr, 1945, May-Jun, 1945, Jul-Aug, 1945. These periods were determined to reflect major turning points in the conflict: the results of major operations, or the increases in attrition rates suffered by the merchant fleet.

The data can be interrogated by simply clicking any datapoint. The sinking events are symbolized via their respective sinking agent, Allied aircraft, submarine, mine or surface craft. Vessels which were sunk by multiple agents (ie aircraft and surface craft) were symbolized to the sinking agent which best reflected the operation which caused their sinking. This map is an ongoing project. Some data points may contain locational anomalies due to human error and the proximity of the sinking event to shore. Obvious errors have been corrected using contemporary data.

Japanese maritime territory is depicted by their controlled shipping lanes, also known as Sea Lines of Communication (SLOC) and are symbolized by grey lines. As SLOCs are interdicted by the Allied advance, symbolized in green, they will disappear from the map. Oil production facilities are symbolized by black circles. The Soviet Union, which remained neutral until 8 Aug 1945, is symbolized in grey until the final iteration of the map.

Acknowledgments

Special thanks to Bat-Erdene Altankhuyag, Matthew DiRisio and John Sheehan for their earlier work on “Unrestricted: The Campaign to Sink the Japanese Merchant Fleet During World War II” which made this map possible.

Learn more and download the data used for this article at:
“Unrestricted: The Campaign to Sink the Japanese Merchant Fleet During World War II”" https://unrestricted.omeka.net/.

Code available at https://github.com/bbuck1/sinking_the_empire/blob/master/final_code

Shipping route data was digitized from Reports of General MacArthur, Vol 1. https://history.army.mil/books/wwii/MacArthur%20Reports/MacArthur%20V1/index.htm#contents and “Map of Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere 1941,” 臺灣南方協會. 南方讀本. 三省堂, 1941. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Map_of_Greater_East_Asia_Co-Prosperity_Sphere_1941.jpg

Allied advance data was digitized from The Atlas of the World Battle Fronts in Semimonthly Phases to August 15 1945 , Joint Chiefs of Staff, 1945. https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Atlas_of_the_World_Battle_Fronts_in_Semimonthly_Phases_to_August_15_1945

Oil production facilities digitized from “Chokehold: The Attack on Japanese Oil During World War II,”" Thesis, Air University, 1994 by Stephen L. Wolborsky, <www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a425684.pdf>.

Analysis was conducted with the R programming language. Graphics were built using R Studio and QGIS.